What is the History of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is the burning topic in this digital generation. Furthermore, It is evolving with high demand every day . Scientist has been studying artificial intelligence (AI) for decades. The history of Artificial Intelligence is evolving rapidly.
Sometimes it is even called machine intelligence that can imitate functions related to the human brain.
Besides, AI has the ability to do things associated with intelligent beings like robots. Artificial intelligence has made it easier to perform a task. An AI-enabled machine can multitask and cut down the pressure of any other resources.
Then, AI can run 24/7 without any interruption, and it has no downtime. As well as this enables industries to do mass productions. Therefore, it is smarter and faster regarding the decision-making process.
Although AI has limitations and drawbacks too, the benefits surpass the drawbacks. Some say Artificial Intelligence is making humans lazy creatures.
Because humans are being used to adapt to automation. As well as people are getting addicted to new inventions. Which can cause a problem for future generations.
AI-based robots are taking some kinds of repetitive tasks, and humans are losing their jobs. As it has no emotions, so people are worried about their future.
By the way, today, we will discuss the History of Artificial Intelligence and how it is evolving every day.
The Simple Definition Of History of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) enables computers to do things that normally require human intelligence. Besides, It has the capability to make a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior.
AI includes logic, neurobiology, statistics, computer science.
Before And After History of Artificial Intelligence
Before AI, we, humans, would write letters to each other and then wait months after months for answers. In addition, communication was direct.
All the industries run by humans. Mainly, people used to use their animals for transporting. What is more, we had to walk across our home to turn on or off lights before AI.
But now everything has changed. Google Assistant, Cortana, or Alexa are the common kinds of interactive AI, and they are ready to answer your question.
As a result of AI, we are experiencing a smart era. Smartphones, smartwatches, and even we have smart home devices.
Not only smart home devices but also we have even AI-based driverless cars. Robots like Sophia behave like humans. She can smile, walk, and even knows your emotions too. Moreover, Our life is being easier every day with the help of AI.
The Birth Of History of Artificial Intelligence
Thus, the main chapter of the history of artificial intelligence started in the 1940s and 1950s. Scientists from various fields agreed with the ability of an artificial brain. An artificial brain can act like human minds. However, the thoughts of AI came long ago. Thinkers planted the seeds of AI in the 50s.
In 1950, Alan Turing and Neumann Named the term Artificial Intelligence (AI). Also, they were the fathers of the topic. They built the move from a computer to the 19th-century decimal logic. After that, they made machines for binary logic.
These two scientists formed the design of modern computers. Moreover, they showed that it was a universal machine. Their machine was able to carry out what is programmed on it.
However, technology is still promising. The high regard for technology retired at the beginning of the 1960s. At first, making decisions was tough for a machine. Computers usually did not have enough memory.
So, many thanks to the early scientists. AI became real all over the 1700s and beyond.
Evolution Of Artificial Intelligence
Introduction of The Turing Test
In 1950, English scientist Alan Turing published a historic paper. Even more, they thought about the chance of making machines that can think. He stated that thinking is difficult for a machine in his famous Turing test.
And the simple version of the problem makes Turing argue that a “thinking machine” was the least possible.
With this in mind, the Turing test was a long term goal for Artificial Intelligence research indeed. Above all, There was the purpose of that research. Can we make a machine that can mimic a human?
AI in the 1960s
The 1960s were potential decades for AI. It changes the history of artificial intelligence rapidly—the creation of new programming languages, automation. And robots were artificially intelligent from that time.
In 1961, George Devol developed an industrial robot. And then, it became the first robot to work at General Motors assembly in New Jersey.
In the same year, computer scientist and professor James Slagle built SAINT-Symbolic Automatic INTegrator. Also, it is a problem-solving tool. The tool has symbolic fusing in freshman calculus.
As well, there is another legend in the history of artificial intelligence, Charles Rosen. In a word, he, with his 11 team members, programmed a robot called Shakey the Robot. It was a mobile robot.
In 1968, a professor of computer science, Terry Winograd, made SHRDLU. it was a natural language computer program.
Japan’s Waseda University began a Robotic project called WABOT-1 in 1967. They released it as a full-scale intelligent robot in 1972.
AI in the 1970s
AI made progress rapidly in the 1970s. Hence, progress was an example for all of us. The 70s were mostly known for robots and automation. By the way, those decades also suffer from decreasing government support research.
In 1970, Waseda University released the first human-like robot named WABOT-1. It had some great features of that time, such as mobile limbs and the ability to watch.
Notably, In 1977, film director George Lucas released his Star Wars movie. There was a feature in the film C-3PO. It was a robot that was developed as a protocol droid.
On the other hand, there was another feature with C-3PO. R2-D2 was weak in human speech recognition, but it could be contacted by using electronic sound.
AI in the 1980s
There were a lot of creations and research found in the 1980s. Big firms all over the world develop an AI system named “expert system.” The Japanese government made a 5th generation computer project with AI. AI has had enough success in that decade.
So, now let’s talk about an expert system. Well, it is a system of programs that answers questions. And solves problems about something specific to a specific area of knowledge. Also, it used logical rules that came from the knowledge of experts.
Expert systems bound were able to run their program in a small area of fixed ability. Their design turned into easy programs to run and then rebuild again.
Cyc came in the 1980s; it became the first one to chess the common-sense program. This firm launched a large database that could have all kinds of dull things that a non-techie is aware of.
After that, people get inspired when they witness HiTech and Deep Thought beat chess masters. Both were chess playing programs started by Carnegie Mellon University.
As always, Japan was the biggest investor in AI. They are the game-changer of the history of artificial intelligence. The Japanese Ministry talked about a budget of $850 million to make a 5th generation computer.
AI in the 1990s
Computer scientist and professor Richard Wallace programmed the chatbot A.L.I.C.E. The full form is Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity.
Weizenbaum’s ELIZA inspired the program. This program gave inspiration to scientists a lot. It leads them to discover new ideas on AI every day.
In fact, something big happened in 1999s. Sony became a partner with Furby. They launched an Artificial Intelligence Robot(AIBO). This program was able to learn by relating to its factors, humans, and from the same kinds of AIBOs.
What is more, the robot could realize and give a response to 100+ voice commands. It can interact with its owner.
AI from 2000-2010
If you are a person who loves tech, you may hear about the Y2K fact. It was a computer bug that could format and store electronic data. There was also a tweak issue like the app made in the 1900s was not runnable in the 2000s.
Arthur C. Clarke and Stanley Kubrick showed that a machine. This machine will exist with a similar capacity to humans in the year of 2001.
In 2001, Marvin Minsky was curious that Where is HAL in 2001?
2011 – Present: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Big Data.
To be brief, the current decade is the most key for AI change. Since 2010 we have seen huge inventions. Even a farmer of a village is using AI nowadays.
Additionally, the voice aide of our phones and computers have enabled intelligent functions. We have reached this position by changing the history of artificial intelligence every day.
In 2010, ImageNet started a drive of the LSVRC-Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge. Microsoft bought Xbox 360 into the market. And it was the first gaming technology of Microsoft that can follow the body motion of gamers. They used 3D cameras in the game.
In 2011, IBM released Watson. Watson is a natural language question and answering computer. Not to mention Apple launched Siri in the same year. Siri rules as a virtual aid on Apple iPhone Operating System.
Siri can track your activity, answer your questions, and suggest things to its owner. It uses a natural- language.
In 2014, on the other hand, Microsoft also began something like Siri on iOS, named Cortana. And Amazon bought Amazon Alexa. Amazon Alexa is a little bit different than Siri and Cortana. It is a home assistant of smart speakers that rule as a personal virtual helper.
The world’s top scientists and tech leaders signed an open letter. They are Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, and Steve Wozniak and among 3000 others. They agreed to ban the growth of automatic weapons for the purpose of War.
Moreover, AlphaGo of Google DeepMind beat human champions. It is a computer programmed board game. The program was so smart that it could compete with the champ.
Hanson Robotics launched a humanoid robot called Sophia in 2016.
The robot has been granted as the first “robot citizen.” Her looks, manner, and way of contact were like an actual human being. She can even do image recognition.
On the other hand, Google is also not behind among the creations. They released google home in 2016. Google home is a smart virtual aid that can assist you at your home as well as at your office.
The Facebook AI research team created a chatbot in 2017 to interact with each other.
Chinese tech giant Alibaba processed AI language from human intellect. The processing score was 82.44 against 82.30 on a set of 100,000 questions.
In 2018, Samsung’s Bixby came. They raised a new technology. Actually, Bixby has the vision to see it around. It can see whatever the user is facing with the help of an AI-enabled camera app.
It has features like object spot, search, buy, translation, landmark recall, and so on.
The Future of AI
So what can we expect from AI in the future? Does the history of artificial intelligence have an end? No one can tell the exact answer. Very shortly, the AI language will be the next big thing.
Whenever you face a problem, you will redirect to the virtual customer care center. In the near future, robot customer care service will help you online.
We will talk in two different languages, and it will be translated in no time. We will explore with driverless vehicles on the highway. Development robotics might provide the key to a grant machine with common sense.
In the long future, we will witness that the general intelligence machine will be better than human cognitive abilities.
Conclusion of History of Artificial Intelligence
All in all, we saw tidy rapid changes in Artificial intelligence every decade. The history of Artificial Intelligence is not a thing to vanish. It will grow and change the world with its amazing inventions.
The thing is as a human; we need to keep pace with AI. From Amazon’s Alexa to humanoid robots like Sophia, AI is advancing at a rapid pace.
In the near future, human beings will have artificially intelligent friends and pets like AIBO or Furby. Scientists predict that human and humanoid robots will walk together in the street or park. So, get ready to explore the AI world.
